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| Правила Международных Доменов |
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 Правила международных доменов в формате PDF 
GTLD Домены
 Карантин
- Если продление регистрации домена не оплачено в течение количества дней указанных в графе "Выкуп Срок до" после окончания срока предыдущей регистрации, регистрация аннулируется.
- В течении первых 10 дней владелец может выкупить домен по цене указанной в графе "Выкуп"
- В течении остающихся дней владелец может выкупить домен по договорной цене
- * Карантин существует не для все зон. Регистрация анулируется если ее продление не оплачено заранее.
Данные условия носят относительный характер, они могут измениться в любой момент по желанию компании регистратуры
Generic Top Level Domains ( gtld домены )
Все домены верхнего уровня можно условно разделить на две большие части. Первая - домены общего пользования (generic TLD или gTLD) и,
вторая, - национальные двухбуквенные домены (country code TLD или ccTLD).
К доменам общего пользования относятся домены COM, NET, ORG, INFO, BIZ, MUSEUM, NAME, AERO, COOP и PRO. К ним же относят домены
ограниченного пользования, регистрация в которых проводится на основе фактической принадлежности организации к тому или иному виду.
Это домены INT, выделенные для международных организаций, EDU - для высших учебных заведений США, GOV - для правительственных организаций
США и MIL - для военных ведомств США. Недавно ICANN одобрила создание специальных спонсируемых доменов Sponsored Top-Level Domains (sTLDs).
Работы по оптимизации процесса создания новых gTLDs начались еще в декабре 2005 года.
По прогнозам специалистов ICANN, если публичные обсуждения вопроса принятия новой процедуры ввода доменов верхнего уровня пройдут успешно,
и в результате обсуждений ICANN выработает оптимальную схему, Интернет сможет получить новые домены верхнего уровня уже в июне-августе 2008 года.
В настоящее время в мире насчитывается 120 млн доменных имен, 80 млн из которых зарегистрированы в доменах общего пользования.
Наибольшей популярностью пользуется доменная зона COM: только в одной этой зоне насчитывается свыше 62 млн имен. ICANN не раз подвергалась
критике за то, что вводила новые домены медленно и без четких правил. При этом интернет-общественность не желает появления слишком большого
числа gTLDs, особенно этого опасаются правообладатели товарных знаков из-за происходящего при открытии каждой новой доменной зоны всплеска
киберсквоттерства. ICANN хоть и не называет еще точных правил регистрации доменов в новых зонах, но обещают внимательнее отнестись к этому вопросу.
По поводу необходимости введения новых доменных зон президент ICANN Пол Туми отметил: "Это все вопрос выбора. Мир вокруг нас очень разнообразен,
мы хотим иметь возможность отражать это многообразие и в Интернете — в частности, с помощью доменных зон".
Входящая в ICANN организация поддержки доменных имен GNSO разработала политику, согласно которой будет строиться обсуждение вопроса
оптимизации процесса создания новых доменов верхнего уровня. На сайте ICANN размещен FAQ по данной теме, кроме того, все желающие могут
отсылать свои комментарии и вопросы по адресу newgtld@icann.org и участвовать в открытой online-дискуссии на форуме ICANN.
В настоящее время обсуждается создание gTLDs на латинице, но ICANN также обещает закончить технические работы по поддержке
"национальных" доменных зон с символами национальных алфавитов (например, РФ - для России) к концу 2007 г. Однако их развитию препятствует
множество проблем административного и даже "политического" характера: до сих пор не определено, кто будет решать и контролировать процесс
делегирования доменных зон странам, как избежать возможных конфликтов и языковых совпадений и т.д.
- The .gov domain is reserved exclusively for the United States Government.
It is operated by the US General Services Administration.
- The .edu domain is reserved for postsecondary institutions accredited by an agency on the U.S.
Department of Education's list of Nationally Recognized Accrediting Agencies and is registered only through
Educause.
- The .mil domain is reserved exclusively for the United States Military.
It is operated by the US DoD Network Information Center.
- The .int domain is used only for registering organizations established by
international treaties between governments. It is operated by the IANA .int Domain Registry.
.COM Domains are socalled gTLDs (generic
Top-Level-Domains) and can be registered by any party worldwide. The
official registry for .COM is VeriSign Inc. COM
Domains can be registered in real-time. You also
have the possibility of registering multilingual (IDN) .COM Domains.
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.ORG is a gTLD (generic Top-Level-Domain) and just recently in 2003 the
official registry transitioned from VeriSign Inc. to the new appointed
registry PIR (Public Interest Registry). Anybody can register a .ORG
Domain worldwide. Since January 15th 2005 interested parties can
register .ORG IDNs using german characters such as пїЅ пїЅund .
|  .NET Domains are socalled gTLDs (generic
Top-Level-Domains) and can be registered by any party worldwide. The
official registry for .NET is VeriSign Inc. .NET
Domains can be registered in real-time. You also
have the possibility of registering multilingual (IDN) .NET Domains.
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The .BIZ address is the best way to remove the .COM clutter that exists
today. .BIZ Domain Names are targeted at businesses who would like to
create a unique web-presence. The .BIZ registry is being designed to
support the next generation of Internet commerce and collaboration.
.BIZ is also IDN capable using german characters. For further
information, please visit the official website of Neulevel Inc., at www.neulevel.biz.
|  You
can now register, modify and transfer your .INFO domains.
Dot INFO Domains can be registered for time period between
one (1) and ten (10) years. There are absolutely no restrictions when
registering .INFO domains. Register your .INFO domain right away, and
allow people to go to the website, where they know that they will get
the exact information they need. We provide real time registration. For
further information, please visit the official website of Afilias Inc.
at www.Afilias.info.
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You can now register a .NAME Domain and secure your own private
internet address along with the respective Email-Address. E.g. Register
www.First.Last.Name and automatically receive the respective
Email-Address First@Last.Name. The official registry not only offers
Third-Level .NAME Domains, but also as of January 14th 2004
Second-Level .NAME registrations, meaning, you can register
yourcompany.name. For further information, please visit the official
Website of Global Name Registry at www.gnr.name.
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On May 5, 2005, Tralliance (the official registry for .TRAVEL) signed a
contract with ICANN to operate the .travel TLD, which is exclusively
reserved for the travel industry.
The .travel Registry�s operating procedures and policies for the
.travel TLD will differentiate it from all other TLDs on the Internet,
and offer unique value to the travel industry and its consumers.
.travel will be restricted to applicants whose eligibility has been
authenticated by independent third parties, including industry
associations. Eligibility will be checked for every applicant, based on
data provided by them. In addition, The Travel Partnership Corporation
has defined restrictions on domain name selection that limit
registrants to names that they use or have rights to. These two
policies will produce a TLD that offers an unprecedented level of
reinforcement of industry identity and brands, as well as tested eligibility.
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Dotmobi is unique - the first top level domain dedicated to delivering
the Internet to mobile devices. Scheduled for launch in May, dotmobi
will revolutionise the use of the Internet on mobile devices. Dotmobi
guides mobile users to made-for-mobile Internet content and services
that can be accessed with confidence. The key differentiator for the
dotmobi domain is the mobile user experience. This is driven by the
Switch On! Guides. The guides contain a mixture of mandatory and
recommended best practices for developing mobile content and services.
The official registry website can be found under http://www.mtld.mobi
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jobs is a new generic Top-Level-Domain and the official registry is
Employmedia LLC www.employmedia.com
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AERO - the domain of aviation
This domain is run by SITA and an initiative run exclusively by and for
the aviation community. As a sponsored domain .AERO can define and
implement its own policies designed to safeguard the integrity of the
domain. AERO can support your quest for global branding and visibility
and through development and application of naming conventions in the
aviation, can streamline and simplify the communications with business partners and passengers.
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.cat TLD is a generic domain. Its policy has been developed by ICANN and Fundació puntCAT.
It was approved in September 2005. It is intended to be used to highlight Catalan language and culture.
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.coop is a generic top-level domain intended for the use of cooperatives. It was a part of ICANN's announcement
in late 2000 of a phased release of seven new generic top-level domains (gTLDs) intended in part to take the
pressure off the overcrowded .com domain. It was backed by a coalition of interest groups, was developed by
Poptel in the UK and became operational on January 30, 2002.
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.edu (education) is the generic top-level domain for educational institutions, primarily those in the United States
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.gov a generic top-level domain used by government entities in the United States. The .gov domain is administered
by the General Services Administration (GSA), an independent agency of the federal government.
The U.S. is the only country that has a government-specific top-level domain in addition to its ccTLD, due to
the origins of the Internet as a US Federal Government-sponsored research network (see NSFNET and ARPANET).
Other countries typically use a second-level domain for this purpose, e.g., .gov.au for Australia, .gov.ar for Argentina, .
gub.uy for Uruguay, .govt.nz for New Zealand, (NZ), .gov.uk for the United Kingdom, .gc.ca for Canada, .gouv.fr for
France and .guv.ro for Romania. Since the United States controls the .gov Top Level Domain, it would be impossible
for another country to create a domain ending in .gov, for example .jp.gov.
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.int is a generic top-level domain (gTLD) used on the Internet's Domain Name System.
According to current IANA policy, the .int gTLD is reserved for international treaty-based organizations, United Nations
agency and organizations or entities having Observer status at the UN. This top-level domain was initially created for use by
NATO, to replace the previous .nato TLD.
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.mil (military) is the generic top-level domain for the United States Department of Defense and its subsidiary
organizations. It was one of the first top-level domains, created in January 1985. The United States is the
only country that has a top-level domain for its military. Other countries often use second-level domains
for this purpose, e.g., .mod.uk for the United Kingdom's Ministry of Defence.
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.museum is a generic top-level domain (gTLD) used exclusively by museums, museum associations, and individual
members of the museum profession, as these groups are defined by the International Council of Museums (ICOM).
In joint action with the J. Paul Getty Trust, ICOM established the Museum Domain Management Association
(MuseDoma), headed by Cary Karp, for the purpose of submitting an application to ICANN for the creation of the
new gTLD, and to operate it if the application was approved. The .museum domain was entered into the root of
Domain Name System on 20 October 2001, and was the first sponsored top-level domain to be instituted through ICANN's action.
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.pro (professional) is a generic top-level domain. It was created in 2002 and is operated by the Registry Services
Corporation. The intention of the domain is to signal to web visitors that the website owner is a professional with
valid credentials, but so far .pro has not been popular.
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.tel is a top-level domain approved by ICANN as a sponsored TLD. It would be restricted to "internet communication"
services, and provide a supplement to the traditional numeric namespace for telecommunication services
(i.e. telephone numbers). It is sponsored by Telname Limited. In May 2006, it was approved to be added to
the global DNS root. The TLD was added to the root servers on March 2, 2007.
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.asia is a generic top-level domain proposed by the DotAsia Organization, with the back-end registry to
be operated by Afilias. It was approved by ICANN on October 19, 2006 as a sponsored TLD, but registration for
English-language domains isn't expected for some six to nine months afterward. It will serve as a regional domain
for companies, organizations, and individuals based in the region of Asia, Australia, and the Pacific.
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The introduction of dot EU will for the first time in Internet history
allow Companies and Individuals to register a domain with a broader
recognition throughout Europe. Until date companies either registered
beneath a generic Top-Level-Domain, such as .COM or .INFO, or they
registered beneath their specific country-code Top-Level-Domain. With
the introduction of dot EU this thinking will certainly change, as dot
EU is bound to become one of the most popular TLDs worldwide,
especially in Europe. The official registry for .EU is EURid
(http://www.EURid.eu). EURid is a not-for-profit organisation,
established in Belgium, and had been selected by the European
Commission to operate the new .EU TLD. EURid was established in a
partnership between DNS BE, IIT CNR and NIC SE, operators of the
ccTLD-Registries for Belgium (.be), Italy (.it) and Sweden (.se). EURid
is in the process of setting up offices in those countries as well as
in the Czech Republic to support 4 geographical regions.
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